--- title: Seals can sleep floating upright with their noses up, hold their bre… — Sea lions, seals and otters · tree and pragmatics description: Seals can sleep floating upright with their noses up, hold their breath for many minutes and close their nostrils tightly when they dive. Who acts: Seals, zoos. A sentence of the lesson «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sea lions, seals and otters](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/) / 9 # Sea lions, seals and otters, sentence 9 Seals can sleep floating upright with their noses up, hold their breath for many minutes and close their nostrils tightly when they dive. **Who acts:** Seals, zoos · **What happens:** sleep, float, hold, close, dive · **To what, where:** breath, nostrils This is a sentence of the lesson «Sea lions, seals and otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Seals, zoos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson:9 # text = Seals can sleep floating upright with their noses up, hold their breath for many minutes and close their nostrils tightly when they dive. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Seals seal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 sleep sleep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 floating float VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 xcomp _ _ 5 upright upright ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:xcomp|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 6 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 noses nose NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 up up ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 breath breath NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 for for ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 minutes minute NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 close close VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 nostrils nostril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 21 tightly tightly ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 22 when when SCONJ WRB _ 24 mark _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 dive dive VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sleep** | can | Seals | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **float** | gerund | Seals *not said here* | | | | | upright *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **hold** | infinitive | Seals *not said here* | zoos's breath | | | minute | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme | | 4 | **close** | infinitive | Seals *not said here* | zoos's nostrils | | | | tightly *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nostril=Patient | | 5 | **dive** | present | zoos *= zoo* | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sea lions, seals and otters, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/8/) - next →: [Sea lions, seals and otters, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/100-sea-lions-seals-and-otters/)