--- title: Springboks and some gazelles leap high with stiff legs, called pronk… — The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhin… · tree and pragmatics description: Springboks and some gazelles leap high with stiff legs, called pronking or stotting, which seems to tell a predator «I am fit, don't bother» and warns the rest of the herd. Who acts: Springboks, I, rest. A sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/) / 12 # The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes, sentence 12 Springboks and some gazelles leap high with stiff legs, called pronking or stotting, which seems to tell a predator «I am fit, don't bother» and warns the rest of the herd. **Who acts:** Springboks, I, rest · **What happens:** leap, call, stott, seem, tell, be · **To what, where:** pronking, predator · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Springboks, I, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:12 # text = Springboks and some gazelles leap high with stiff legs, called pronking or stotting, which seems to tell a predator «I am fit, don't bother» and warns the rest of the herd. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Springboks springbok NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=1:cc 3 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 4 det _ _ 4 gazelles gazelle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 5 leap leap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 high high ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 stiff stiff ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 advcl _ _ 12 pronking pronk NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 xcomp _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=11:xcomp|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 stotting stott VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 17 nsubj _ _ 17 seems seem VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 predator predator NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 « « PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct 23 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 24 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 25 fit fit ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 parataxis _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 do do AUX VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 28 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 29 advmod _ _ 29 bother bother VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 ccomp _ _ 30 » » PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 warns warn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 rest rest NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 herd herd NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **leap** | present | Springboks and some gazelles | | | | | with stiff legs; high *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **call** | participle | Springboks and some gazelles *not said here* | pronking | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **stott** | gerund | Springboks and some gazelles *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **seem** | present | | | | | | | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | | a predator | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent predator=Recipient clause=Topic | | 6 | **is** *in a quote* | present | I | | | | | fit *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **not** **bother** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 8 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | the rest of the herd | | | | | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/11/) - next →: [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/)