--- title: Zoos can keep giraffes, zebras and antelopes in one paddock because… — The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhin… · tree and pragmatics description: Zoos can keep giraffes, zebras and antelopes in one paddock because they eat different plants and do not hunt each other, while lions are kept separately next door. Who acts: Zoos, giraffes. A sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/) / 13 # The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes, sentence 13 Zoos can keep giraffes, zebras and antelopes in one paddock because they eat different plants and do not hunt each other, while lions are kept separately next door. **Who acts:** Zoos, giraffes · **What happens:** keep, eat, not hunt · **To what, where:** giraffes, one paddock, different plants, other, lions This is a sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zoos, giraffes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:13 # text = Zoos can keep giraffes, zebras and antelopes in one paddock because they eat different plants and do not hunt each other, while lions are kept separately next door. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Zoos zoo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 giraffes giraffe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 zebras zebra NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 antelopes antelope NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=6:conj 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 paddock paddock NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 12 because because SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 15 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 18 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=20:aux|HaikuPos=AUX:VB:VerbForm=Inf 19 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 20 advmod _ _ 20 hunt hunt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj 21 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 22 det _ _ 22 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 while while SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 25 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass _ _ 27 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 advcl _ _ 28 separately separately ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:advmod 29 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl:unmarked _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | can | Zoos | giraffes and zebras and antelopes | | one paddock | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent giraffe=Theme in paddock=Location | | 2 | **eat** | present | giraffes *= giraffe* | different plants | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient | | 3 | **not** **hunt** | present · do-support | giraffes *= giraffe* *not said here* | each other | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme | | 4 | **keep** | present · passive | | lions | | | | next door *obl:unmarked*; separately *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/12/) - next →: [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/)