--- title: Giraffes sleep only a few hours a day in short naps, sometimes lying… — The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhin… · tree and pragmatics description: Giraffes sleep only a few hours a day in short naps, sometimes lying down with the head curled back on the body, and in the wild they mostly rest standing up because lying down is risky. Who acts: Giraffes, lying. A sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antel --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/) / 14 # The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes, sentence 14 Giraffes sleep only a few hours a day in short naps, sometimes lying down with the head curled back on the body, and in the wild they mostly rest standing up because lying down is risky. **Who acts:** Giraffes, lying · **What happens:** sleep, lie down, curl, rest, stand up, be · **To what, where:** short naps, wild This is a sentence of the lesson «The African savanna area: giraffes, zebras, rhinos and antelopes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Giraffes, lying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:14 # text = Giraffes sleep only a few hours a day in short naps, sometimes lying down with the head curled back on the body, and in the wild they mostly rest standing up because lying down is risky. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Giraffes giraffe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 sleep sleep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 only only ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:obj 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod:unmarked _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 naps nap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 14 advmod _ _ 14 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 15 down down ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 curled curl VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 conj _ _ 20 back back ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 21 on on ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=38:punct 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 wild wild NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 29 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 rest rest VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 32 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 31 xcomp _ _ 33 up up ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 34 because because SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 35 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 38 csubj _ _ 36 down down ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 37 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 cop _ _ 38 risky risky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 advcl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sleep** | present | Giraffes | | | short naps | hour | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in nap=Location | | 2 | **lie down** | gerund | Giraffes *not said here* | | | | | with the head; down, sometimes *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **curl** | participle | Giraffes *not said here* | | | | | | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **rest** | present | giraffes *= giraffe* | | | the wild | | mostly *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **stand up** | gerund | giraffes *= giraffe* *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **lie down** | gerund | | | | | | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | lying | | | | | risky *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/13/) - next →: [The African savanna area: giraffes, ze…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/101-the-african-savanna-area-giraffes-zebras-rhinos/)