--- title: Bilbies are small desert marsupials with huge ears that rarely need… — Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus · tree and pragmatics description: Bilbies are small desert marsupials with huge ears that rarely need to drink; foxes and rabbits brought from Europe harmed them, so Australians sell chocolate bilbies at Easter to raise money to protect them. Who acts: Bilbies, huge ears, foxes, Australians. A sentence of the lesson «Koalas, wombats --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/) / 13 # Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus, sentence 13 Bilbies are small desert marsupials with huge ears that rarely need to drink; foxes and rabbits brought from Europe harmed them, so Australians sell chocolate bilbies at Easter to raise money to protect them. **Who acts:** Bilbies, huge ears, foxes, Australians · **What happens:** be, need, drink, bring, harm, sell · **To what, where:** small desert marsupials, foxes, Europe, bilby, chocolate bilbies, Easter This is a sentence of the lesson «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bilbies, huge ears, foxes, Australians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson:13 # text = Bilbies are small desert marsupials with huge ears that rarely need to drink; foxes and rabbits brought from Europe harmed them, so Australians sell chocolate bilbies at Easter to raise money to protect them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Bilbies bilby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 4 desert desert ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 marsupials marsupial NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj _ _ 6 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 9 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:obj 10 rarely rarely ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 xcomp _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 foxes fox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 rabbits rabbit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 18 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 acl _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 21 harmed harm VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 22 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 25 Australians Australian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 sell sell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 27 chocolate chocolate NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 bilbies bilby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 29 at at ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Easter Easter PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:nmod 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 raise raise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 advcl _ _ 33 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 protect protect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 32 advcl _ _ 36 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=21:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Bilbies | small desert marsupials | | | | with huge ears | tree rules | | 2 | **need** | present | huge ears | | | | | rarely *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 3 | **drink** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | huge ears *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **bring** | participle | | foxes and rabbits *not said here* | | Europe | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from europe=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **harm** | past | foxes and rabbits | bilby | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer | | 6 | **sell** | present | Australians | chocolate bilbies | | Easter | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent bilby=Theme at easter=Asset | | 7 | **raise** | to-infinitive | Australians *not said here* | money | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme | | 8 | **protect** | to-infinitive | Australians *not said here* | bilby | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/12/) - next →: [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/)