--- title: Koalas rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day because eucalyptus l… — Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus · tree and pragmatics description: Koalas rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day because eucalyptus leaves give little energy and contain poisons that take a lot of work to digest; koalas are marsupials, closer to wombats than to bears. Who acts: Koalas, eucalyptus leaves, poisons. A sentence of the lesson «Koalas, wombats, Tasmani --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/) / 4 # Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus, sentence 4 Koalas rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day because eucalyptus leaves give little energy and contain poisons that take a lot of work to digest; koalas are marsupials, closer to wombats than to bears. **Who acts:** Koalas, eucalyptus leaves, poisons · **What happens:** rest, sleep up, give, contain, take, digest · **To what, where:** little energy, poisons, lot, marsupials This is a sentence of the lesson «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koalas, eucalyptus leaves, poisons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson:4 # text = Koalas rest or sleep up to about 20 hours a day because eucalyptus leaves give little energy and contain poisons that take a lot of work to digest; koalas are marsupials, closer to wombats than to bears. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Koalas koala NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:nsubj 2 rest rest VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 3 or or CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 sleep sleep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 up up ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 about about ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod:unmarked _ _ 12 because because SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 eucalyptus eucalyptus NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 16 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 contain contain VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=15:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 20 poisons poison NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 digest digest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:acl 29 ; ; PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 koalas koala NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 31 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 32 marsupials marsupial NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 closer close ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 32 amod _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 wombats wombat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 37 than than ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=4:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **rest** | present | Koalas | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **sleep up** | present | | | | | hour | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **give** | present | eucalyptus leaves | little energy | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | | 4 | **contain** | present | eucalyptus leaves *not said here* | poisons | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot poison=Theme | | 5 | **take** | present | poisons | a lot of work | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme | | 6 | **digest** | to-infinitive | poisons *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **is a** | present | koalas | marsupials | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/3/) - next →: [Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/)