--- title: Polar bears evolved from brown bears, scientists think a few hundred… — The polar zone: polar bears · tree and pragmatics description: Polar bears evolved from brown bears, scientists think a few hundred thousand years ago, and polar bears and grizzlies have met in Canada and had «pizzly» cubs. Who acts: Polar bears, scientists. A sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The polar zone: polar bears](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/) / 12 # The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 12 Polar bears evolved from brown bears, scientists think a few hundred thousand years ago, and polar bears and grizzlies have met in Canada and had «pizzly» cubs. **Who acts:** Polar bears, scientists · **What happens:** evolve, think, meet, have · **To what, where:** Canada, pizzly cubs This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polar bears, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:12 # text = Polar bears evolved from brown bears, scientists think a few hundred thousand years ago, and polar bears and grizzlies have met in Canada and had «pizzly» cubs. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 evolved evolve VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 brown brown ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct 8 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 compound _ _ 13 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl:unmarked _ _ 15 ago ago ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 18 polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 grizzlies grizzly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ _ 22 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 met meet VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 28 « « PUNCT `` _ 27 punct _ _ 29 pizzly pizzly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 30 » » PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 31 cubs cub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **evolve** | past | Polar bears | | | | | from brown bears | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from bear=Patient | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | scientists | | | | year | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **meet** | present · perfect | polar bears and grizzlies | | | Canada | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **have** | past | polar bears and grizzlies *not said here* | pizzly cubs | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The polar zone: polar bears, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/11/) - next →: [The polar zone: polar bears, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/)