--- title: Polar bears drink very little: seawater is too salty and fresh water… — The polar zone: polar bears · tree and pragmatics description: Polar bears drink very little: seawater is too salty and fresh water is frozen most of the year, so they get most of their water from breaking down the fat of seals. Who acts: Polar bears, seawater, water. A sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The polar zone: polar bears](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/) / 14 # The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 14 Polar bears drink very little: seawater is too salty and fresh water is frozen most of the year, so they get most of their water from breaking down the fat of seals. **Who acts:** Polar bears, seawater, water · **What happens:** drink, be, freeze, get, break down · **To what, where:** little, water, most, fat This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polar bears, seawater, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:14 # text = Polar bears drink very little: seawater is too salty and fresh water is frozen most of the year, so they get most of their water from breaking down the fat of seals. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 drink drink VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 very very ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 obj _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 7 seawater seawater NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 too too ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 salty salty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 parataxis _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 fresh fresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ _ 13 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 ccomp _ _ 16 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 15 obl _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 so so ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 get get VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 24 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 23 obj _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 28 from from SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 29 breaking break VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 advcl _ _ 30 down down ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:obl 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 seals seal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drink** | present | Polar bears | little | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | seawater | | | | | salty *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | seawater *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **freeze** | present · passive | | water | | | | most of the year *obl* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | | 5 | **get** | present | water | most of water's water | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer most=Stimulus | | 6 | **break down** | gerund | water *not said here* | the fat of seals | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The polar zone: polar bears, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/13/) - next →: [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/)