--- title: Polar bears are the largest meat-eaters on land and may see people a… — The polar zone: polar bears · tree and pragmatics description: Polar bears are the largest meat-eaters on land and may see people as food, and the Canadian town of Churchill has a bear patrol that people call instead of going near a bear, and a «polar bear jail» where bears that come into town are kept until they can be flown away. Who acts: Polar bears, Canadi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The polar zone: polar bears](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/) / 9 # The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 9 Polar bears are the largest meat-eaters on land and may see people as food, and the Canadian town of Churchill has a bear patrol that people call instead of going near a bear, and a «polar bear jail» where bears that come into town are kept until they can be flown away. **Who acts:** Polar bears, Canadian town, people, bears · **What happens:** be, see, have, call, go, come · **To what, where:** largest meat eaters, land, people, bear patrol, bear, town · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Polar bears, Canadian town, people, bears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:9 # text = Polar bears are the largest meat-eaters on land and may see people as food, and the Canadian town of Churchill has a bear patrol that people call instead of going near a bear, and a «polar bear jail» where bears that come into town are kept until they can be flown away. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2 1 Polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 5 largest large ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 6 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 7 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 8 eaters eater NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=8:cc 12 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 14 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 15 as as ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod 17 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=13:cc 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 Canadian Canadian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Churchill Churchill PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=13:conj 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 patrol patrol NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 28 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 30 obj _ _ 29 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 call call VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 31 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=SCONJ 33 mark _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 31 fixed _ _ 33 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 advcl _ _ 34 near near ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=27:cc 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 40 « « PUNCT `` _ 43 punct _ _ 41 polar polar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=43:amod 42 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 jail jail NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 44 » » PUNCT '' _ 43 punct _ _ 45 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 52 advmod _ _ 46 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 nsubj:pass _ _ 47 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 48 nsubj _ _ 48 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 acl:relcl _ _ 49 into into ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ _ 51 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 aux:pass _ _ 52 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 43 acl:relcl _ _ 53 until until SCONJ IN _ 57 mark _ _ 54 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 57 nsubj:pass _ _ 55 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 57 aux _ _ 56 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 57 aux:pass _ _ 57 flown fly VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 advcl _ _ 58 away away ADV RB _ 57 advmod _ _ 59 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Polar bears | the largest meat eaters | | land | | | tree rules | | 2 | **see** | may | Polar bears *not said here* | people | | | | as food | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus as food=Attribute | | 3 | **have** | present | the Canadian town of Churchill | a bear patrol and a bear jail | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent patrol=Patient | | 4 | **call** | present | people | a bear patrol and a bear jail | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent that=Recipient | | 5 | **go** | gerund | people *not said here* | | | a bear | | | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme near bear=Location | | 6 | **come** | present | bears | | | town | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into town=Initial\_Location | | 7 | **keep** | present · passive | | bears | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 8 | **fly away** | can · passive | | people | | | | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The polar zone: polar bears, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/8/) - next →: [The polar zone: polar bears, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/)