--- title: The Arctic is a frozen ocean surrounded by land, with land predators… — The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmin… · tree and pragmatics description: The Arctic is a frozen ocean surrounded by land, with land predators like foxes and bears, while Antarctica is ice-covered land surrounded by ocean, with no land mammals at all, only seals that live mostly at sea. Who acts: Arctic, Antarctica, seals. A sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: arctic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/) / 16 # The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer, sentence 16 The Arctic is a frozen ocean surrounded by land, with land predators like foxes and bears, while Antarctica is ice-covered land surrounded by ocean, with no land mammals at all, only seals that live mostly at sea. **Who acts:** Arctic, Antarctica, seals · **What happens:** be, surround, cover, live · **To what, where:** frozen ocean, ice covered land, sea This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arctic, Antarctica, seals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:16 # text = The Arctic is a frozen ocean surrounded by land, with land predators like foxes and bears, while Antarctica is ice-covered land surrounded by ocean, with no land mammals at all, only seals that live mostly at sea. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Arctic Arctic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 frozen frozen ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 surrounded surround VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ _ 8 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl:agent _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 with with ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 predators predator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 14 like like ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 foxes fox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 19 while while SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 20 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 22 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 23 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ _ 24 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 25 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=25:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 25 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 26 surrounded surround VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 25 acl _ _ 27 by by ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl:agent _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 with with ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 33 det _ _ 32 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 34 at at ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 33 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:obl 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 only only ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 seals seal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 appos _ _ 39 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 nsubj _ _ 40 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 41 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 42 at at ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the Arctic | a frozen ocean | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **surround** | participle | | a frozen ocean *not said here* | | | | with land predators like foxes and bears | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with predator=Theme | | 3 | **cover** | participle | | | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | present | Antarctica | ice covered land | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **surround** | participle | | ice covered land *not said here* | | | | with no land mammals at all | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with mammal=Theme | | 6 | **live** | present | seals | | | sea | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at sea=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/15/) - next →: [The Asian forest area: giant pandas, r…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/107-the-asian-forest-area-pandas-red-pandas-tapirs-sun-bears/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/)