--- title: Arctic foxes have small ears, short legs and short noses that lose l… — The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmin… · tree and pragmatics description: Arctic foxes have small ears, short legs and short noses that lose little heat, while the desert fennec fox has huge ears that give off heat to keep it cool. Who acts: Arctic foxes, small ears, desert fennec fox, huge ears. A sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/) / 5 # The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer, sentence 5 Arctic foxes have small ears, short legs and short noses that lose little heat, while the desert fennec fox has huge ears that give off heat to keep it cool. **Who acts:** Arctic foxes, small ears, desert fennec fox, huge ears · **What happens:** have, lose, give off, keep · **To what, where:** small ears, little heat, huge ears, heat, fox This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arctic foxes, small ears, desert fennec fox, huge ears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:5 # text = Arctic foxes have small ears, short legs and short noses that lose little heat, while the desert fennec fox has huge ears that give off heat to keep it cool. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Arctic arctic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 foxes fox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 noses nose NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 13 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:acl:relcl 14 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 17 while while SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 19 desert desert NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:compound 20 fennec fennec NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 fox fox NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 23 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 nsubj _ _ 26 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 27 off off ADP RP _ 26 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 28 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:obl 29 to to PART TO _ 30 mark _ _ 30 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 advcl _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 cool cool ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 xcomp _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Arctic foxes | small ears and short legs and short noses | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient | | 2 | **lose** | present | small ears and short legs and short noses | little heat | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality | | 3 | **have** | present | the desert fennec fox | huge ears | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient | | 4 | **give off** | present | huge ears | heat | | | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source heat=Theme | | 5 | **keep** | to-infinitive | huge ears *not said here* | fox | | | | cool *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/4/) - next →: [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/)