--- title: Reindeer, called caribou in North America, are the only deer in whic… — The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmin… · tree and pragmatics description: Reindeer, called caribou in North America, are the only deer in which both males and females grow antlers; females keep theirs in winter to defend food they dig from the snow, while adult males usually drop theirs in early winter. Who acts: Reindeer, males, females, adult males. A sentence of the le --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/) / 9 # The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer, sentence 9 Reindeer, called caribou in North America, are the only deer in which both males and females grow antlers; females keep theirs in winter to defend food they dig from the snow, while adult males usually drop theirs in early winter. **Who acts:** Reindeer, males, females, adult males · **What happens:** call, be, grow, keep, defend, dig · **To what, where:** caribou, North America, only deer, antlers, food, snow · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reindeer, males, females, adult males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:9 # text = Reindeer, called caribou in North America, are the only deer in which both males and females grow antlers; females keep theirs in winter to defend food they dig from the snow, while adult males usually drop theirs in early winter. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Reindeer reindeer NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl _ _ 4 caribou caribou NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 xcomp _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:nmod 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 only only ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 deer deer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 obl _ _ 15 both both CCONJ CC _ 16 cc:preconj _ _ 16 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 conj _ _ 19 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 20 antlers antler NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 24 theirs their PRON PRP Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 defend defend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:acl 29 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 30 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 dig dig VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ _ 32 from from ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 36 while while SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 37 adult adult ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ _ 39 usually usually ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 40 drop drop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:conj 41 theirs their NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obj _ _ 42 in in ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 early early ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=41:nmod 45 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | participle | Reindeer *not said here* | caribou | | North America | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | Reindeer | the only deer | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **grow** | present | males and females | antlers | | the only deer | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme | | 4 | **keep** | present | females | antlers *= antler* | | | winter | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent their=Theme | | 5 | **defend** | to-infinitive | females *not said here* | food | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Beneficiary | | 6 | **dig** | present | females *= female* | food *not said here* | | the snow | | | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent food=Result from snow=Material | | 7 | **drop** | present | adult males | theirs | | | winter | usually *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent their=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/8/) - next →: [The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy ow…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/)