--- title: Giant otters from the Amazon grow up to about 1.8 metres long, live… — The South American area: sloths, anteaters, pira… · tree and pragmatics description: Giant otters from the Amazon grow up to about 1.8 metres long, live in noisy families that hunt fish together and defend their river from caimans and jaguars, and were hunted almost to extinction for their fur. Who acts: Giant otters, noisy families. A sentence of the lesson «The South American area --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The South American area: sloths, antea…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/) / 11 # The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and giant otters, sentence 11 Giant otters from the Amazon grow up to about 1.8 metres long, live in noisy families that hunt fish together and defend their river from caimans and jaguars, and were hunted almost to extinction for their fur. **Who acts:** Giant otters, noisy families · **What happens:** grow up, live, hunt, defend · **To what, where:** noisy families, fish, river This is a sentence of the lesson «The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and giant otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Giant otters, noisy families), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson:11 # text = Giant otters from the Amazon grow up to about 1.8 metres long, live in noisy families that hunt fish together and defend their river from caimans and jaguars, and were hunted almost to extinction for their fur. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 otters otter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Amazon Amazon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 6 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 up up ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 about about ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 1.8 1.8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obl 12 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:parataxis 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 noisy noisy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 families family NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 21 together together ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 defend defend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:conj 24 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 from from ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 caimans caiman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 jaguars jaguar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 hunted hunt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:advcl 34 almost almost ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 extinction extinction NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=33:obj 37 for for ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 fur fur NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow up** | present | Giant otters from the Amazon | | | | | long *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **live** | present | Giant otters from the Amazon *not said here* | | | noisy families | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in family=Location | | 3 | **hunt** | present | noisy families | fish | | | | together *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme | | 4 | **defend** | present | noisy families *not said here* | fish's river | | | | from caimans and jaguars | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent river=Beneficiary from caiman=Theme | | 5 | **hunt** | past · passive | Giant otters from the Amazon *not said here* | | | | | to extinction; for fish's fur | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: for fur=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The South American area: sloths, antea…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/10/) - next →: [The South American area: sloths, antea…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/)