--- title: Sloths spend almost all their lives hanging upside down and move ver… — The South American area: sloths, anteaters, pira… · tree and pragmatics description: Sloths spend almost all their lives hanging upside down and move very slowly to save energy, because leaves give little of it, and they climb down only about once a week to go to the toilet. Who acts: Sloths, leaves. A sentence of the lesson «The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The South American area: sloths, antea…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/) / 4 # The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and giant otters, sentence 4 Sloths spend almost all their lives hanging upside down and move very slowly to save energy, because leaves give little of it, and they climb down only about once a week to go to the toilet. **Who acts:** Sloths, leaves · **What happens:** spend, hang, move, save, give, climb down · **To what, where:** lives, upside, energy, little, toilet This is a sentence of the lesson «The South American area: sloths, anteaters, piranhas and giant otters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sloths, leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson:4 # text = Sloths spend almost all their lives hanging upside down and move very slowly to save energy, because leaves give little of it, and they climb down only about once a week to go to the toilet. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Sloths sloth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 spend spend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 almost almost ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:advmod 4 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 6 det:predet _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 lives life NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 7 hanging hang VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:acl 8 upside upside NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 9 down down ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 move move VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 12 very very ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 advcl _ _ 16 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 because because SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 21 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 obj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 climb climb VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 28 down down ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:advmod 29 only only ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:advmod 30 about about ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 31 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 27 advmod _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 week week NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl:unmarked _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 advcl _ _ 36 to to ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 toilet toilet NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spend** | present | Sloths | dinosaurs's lives | | | | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Asset | | 2 | **hang** | gerund | Sloths *not said here* | upside | | | | | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upside=Patient | | 3 | **move** | present | Sloths *not said here* | | | | | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **save** | to-infinitive | Sloths *not said here* | energy | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | | 5 | **give** | present | leaves | little of sloth | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Theme | | 6 | **climb down** | present | leaves *= leaf* | | | | | down, once *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **go** | to-infinitive | leaves *= leaf* *not said here* | | | the toilet | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to toilet=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The South American area: sloths, antea…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/3/) - next →: [The South American area: sloths, antea…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/108-the-south-american-area-sloths-anteaters-piranhas-giant-otters/)