--- title: The hard thing about wetland mud is that it has almost no oxygen, so… — Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs · tree and pragmatics description: The hard thing about wetland mud is that it has almost no oxygen, so roots can suffocate and dead plants hardly rot; poke it with a stick and stinky bubbles of marsh gas come up. Who acts: water, roots, dead plants. A sentence of the lesson «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/) / 2 # Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs, sentence 2 The hard thing about wetland mud is that it has almost no oxygen, so roots can suffocate and dead plants hardly rot; poke it with a stick and stinky bubbles of marsh gas come up. **Who acts:** water, roots, dead plants · **What happens:** be, have, suffocate, rot, poke, come up · **To what, where:** hard thing, oxygen, water This is a sentence of the lesson «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, roots, dead plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:011-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs.lesson:2 # text = The hard thing about wetland mud is that it has almost no oxygen, so roots can suffocate and dead plants hardly rot; poke it with a stick and stinky bubbles of marsh gas come up. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 011-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 about about ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 wetland wetland NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 mud mud NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 8 that that SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:nsubj 10 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 11 almost almost ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 13 det _ _ 13 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 16 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 17 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 suffocate suffocate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:conj 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 20 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:obj 22 hardly hardly ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 rot rot VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 25 poke poke VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 with with ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 stick stick NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 stinky stinky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 bubbles bubble NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 marsh marsh NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ _ 35 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 36 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=25:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 37 up up ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | | the hard thing | | | | about wetland mud | tree rules | | 2 | **have** | present | water | no oxygen | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Patient | | 3 | **suffocate** | can | roots | | | | | | vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **rot** | infinitive | dead plants | | | | | hardly *property* | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **poke** | infinitive | roots *not said here* | water | | | | with a stick and stinky bubbles of marsh gas | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.instsrument»: agent=Agent it=Theme with stick=Instrument | | 6 | **come up** | present | roots *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:011-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/1/) - next →: [Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/)