--- title: Cats often hunt by sitting and waiting near a place where prey will… — How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing · tree and pragmatics description: Cats often hunt by sitting and waiting near a place where prey will come out, which uses much less energy than running; pet cats often wait a long time and catch nothing. Who acts: Cats, prey, place, less energy. A sentence of the lesson «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the bi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/) / 6 # How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing, sentence 6 Cats often hunt by sitting and waiting near a place where prey will come out, which uses much less energy than running; pet cats often wait a long time and catch nothing. **Who acts:** Cats, prey, place, less energy, pet cats · **What happens:** hunt, sit, wait, come out, use, run · **To what, where:** place, less energy, nothing This is a sentence of the lesson «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, prey, place, less energy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson:6 # text = Cats often hunt by sitting and waiting near a place where prey will come out, which uses much less energy than running; pet cats often wait a long time and catch nothing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 often often ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 by by SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 5 sitting sit VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 advcl _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 waiting wait VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 conj _ _ 8 near near ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 14 advmod _ _ 12 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 13 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 acl _ _ 15 out out ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 19 much much ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 21 amod _ _ 21 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 22 than than SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 23 running run VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 acl _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 pet pet NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 27 often often ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 wait wait VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl:unmarked _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 catch catch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=28:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 34 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 33 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hunt** | present | Cats | | | | | often *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **sit** | gerund | Cats *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **wait** | gerund | Cats *not said here* | | | a place | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near place=Location | | 4 | **come out** | future | prey | | | | | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **use** | present | a place | less energy | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient | | 6 | **run** | gerund | less energy *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **wait** | present | pet cats | | | | time | often *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **catch** | present | pet cats *not said here* | nothing | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:119-how-real-cats-hunt.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/5/) - next →: [How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/)