--- title: Narrow waxy needles lose little water and survive frost, and the con… — Forests: woodland through the year and the great… · tree and pragmatics description: Narrow waxy needles lose little water and survive frost, and the cone shape of a spruce lets heavy snow slide off instead of breaking the branches. Who acts: Narrow waxy needles, cone shape, heavy snow. A sentence of the lesson «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Forests: woodland through the year and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/) / 10 # Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest, sentence 10 Narrow waxy needles lose little water and survive frost, and the cone shape of a spruce lets heavy snow slide off instead of breaking the branches. **Who acts:** Narrow waxy needles, cone shape, heavy snow · **What happens:** lose, survive, let, slide off, break · **To what, where:** little water, frost, heavy snow, branches This is a sentence of the lesson «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Narrow waxy needles, cone shape, heavy snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:012-forests-woodland-through-the-year.lesson:10 # text = Narrow waxy needles lose little water and survive frost, and the cone shape of a spruce lets heavy snow slide off instead of breaking the branches. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 012-forests-woodland-through-the-year.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Narrow narrow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 waxy waxy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 needles needle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 survive survive VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 9 frost frost NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 cone cone NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 spruce spruce NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 18 lets let VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 19 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 slide slide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 22 off off ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 23 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=SCONJ 25 mark _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 23 fixed _ _ 25 breaking break VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 advcl _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 branches branch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present | Narrow waxy needles | little water | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Eventuality | | 2 | **survive** | present | Narrow waxy needles *not said here* | frost | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme frost=Circumstance | | 3 | **let** | present | the cone shape of a spruce | heavy snow | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **slide off** | infinitive | heavy snow *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **break** | gerund | the cone shape of a spruce *not said here* | the branches | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer branch=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:012-forests-woodland-through-the-year.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Forests: woodland through the year and…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/9/) - next →: [Forests: woodland through the year and…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/)