---
title: Fewer than half of wild lion cubs survive their first two years. — The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle… · tree and pragmatics
description: Fewer than half of wild lion cubs survive their first two years. Who acts: half. A sentence of the lesson «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life, sentence 16

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Fewer than half of wild lion cubs survive their first two years.

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**Who acts:** half · **What happens:** survive

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (half), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions.lesson:16
# text = Fewer than half of wild lion cubs survive their first two years.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 124-the-lion-king-real-lions.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
2	than	than	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	survive	survive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	amod	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:obl:unmarked
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **survive** | present | half of wild lion cubs |  |  |  | year |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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