--- title: A lion's roar can be heard about 8 kilometres away; lions roar to cl… — The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle… · tree and pragmatics description: A lion's roar can be heard about 8 kilometres away; lions roar to claim their land and keep in touch, and a cub only starts real roaring at about one year old. Who acts: lions, cub, lion. A sentence of the lesson «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mov --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Lion King: real lions, prides and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/) / 7 # The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life, sentence 7 A lion's roar can be heard about 8 kilometres away; lions roar to claim their land and keep in touch, and a cub only starts real roaring at about one year old. **Who acts:** lions, cub, lion · **What happens:** hear, roar, claim, keep, start · **To what, where:** roar, land, touch This is a sentence of the lesson «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lions, cub, lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions.lesson:7 # text = A lion's roar can be heard about 8 kilometres away; lions roar to claim their land and keep in touch, and a cub only starts real roaring at about one year old. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 124-the-lion-king-real-lions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 lion lion NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:nsubj 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 roar roar NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 5 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 6 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 about about ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 9 8 8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 10 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl:unmarked _ _ 11 away away ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 roar roar VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 claim claim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:xcomp 17 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 touch touch NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 cub cub NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 27 only only ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 29 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 roaring roar VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 31 at at ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 about about ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl:unmarked _ _ 35 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | can · passive | | a lion's roar | | | | away *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | | 2 | **roar** | present | lions | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | | 3 | **claim** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | lions *not said here* | lions's land | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent land=Topic | | 4 | **keep** | infinitive | lions *not said here* | | | touch | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in touch=Location | | 5 | **start** | present | a cub | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 6 | **roar** | gerund | a cub *not said here* | | | | year | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **roar** | | a lion | | | | | | nom roar «event intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:124-the-lion-king-real-lions.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Lion King: real lions, prides and…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/6/) - next →: [The Lion King: real lions, prides and…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/)