--- title: Spotted hyenas are skilled hunters that catch most of their own food… — The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hy… · tree and pragmatics description: Spotted hyenas are skilled hunters that catch most of their own food in many places, and in the Ngorongoro Crater lions ate hyena kills more often than the other way round. Who acts: Spotted hyenas, skilled hunters, Ngorongoro Crater lions. A sentence of the lesson «The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zaz…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/) / 5 # The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills, sentence 5 Spotted hyenas are skilled hunters that catch most of their own food in many places, and in the Ngorongoro Crater lions ate hyena kills more often than the other way round. **Who acts:** Spotted hyenas, skilled hunters, Ngorongoro Crater lions · **What happens:** spot, be, catch, eat · **To what, where:** skilled hunters, most, many places This is a sentence of the lesson «The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spotted hyenas, skilled hunters, Ngorongoro Crater lions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson:5 # text = Spotted hyenas are skilled hunters that catch most of their own food in many places, and in the Ngorongoro Crater lions ate hyena kills more often than the other way round. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Spotted spot VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 2 hyenas hyena NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 skilled skilled ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 hunters hunter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 7 catch catch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 8 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 7 obj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 11 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 20 Ngorongoro Ngorongoro PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 21 Crater crater PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 22 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 ate eat VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 24 hyena hyena NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 kills kill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:obj 26 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 27 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:advmod 27 often often ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 28 than than ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 32 round round ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spot** | participle | | | | | | | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | | 2 | **is a** | present | Spotted hyenas | skilled hunters | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **catch** | present | skilled hunters | most of hyenas's own food | | many places | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme | | 4 | **eat** | past | the Ngorongoro Crater lions | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zaz…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/4/) - next →: [The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zaz…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/)