--- title: Spotted hyenas have some of the strongest bites of any mammal and ca… — The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hy… · tree and pragmatics description: Spotted hyenas have some of the strongest bites of any mammal and can crush and digest bones, so their dry droppings are white with calcium. Who acts: Spotted hyenas, dry droppings. A sentence of the lesson «The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills» of the biolog --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zaz…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/) / 8 # The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills, sentence 8 Spotted hyenas have some of the strongest bites of any mammal and can crush and digest bones, so their dry droppings are white with calcium. **Who acts:** Spotted hyenas, dry droppings · **What happens:** spot, have, crush, digest, be, bite · **To what, where:** some, bones, mammal This is a sentence of the lesson «The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zazu: real hyenas, mandrills and hornbills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spotted hyenas, dry droppings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson:8 # text = Spotted hyenas have some of the strongest bites of any mammal and can crush and digest bones, so their dry droppings are white with calcium. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Spotted spot VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 2 hyenas hyena NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 3 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 strongest strong ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 8 bites bite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 11 det _ _ 11 mammal mammal NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 crush crush VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 digest digest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 17 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 19 so so ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 20 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 21 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 droppings dropping NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 24 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 25 with with ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 calcium calcium NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spot** | participle | | | | | | | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | | 2 | **have** | present | Spotted hyenas | some | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient | | 3 | **crush** | can | Spotted hyenas *not said here* | | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **digest** | infinitive | Spotted hyenas *not said here* | bones | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | present | hyenas's dry droppings | | | | | with calcium; white *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **bite** | | | any mammal | | | | | nom bite «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zaz…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/7/) - next →: [The Lion King's hyenas, Rafiki and Zaz…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/126-the-lion-king-hyenas-rafiki-and-zazu/)