--- title: With no monkeys or woodpeckers on the island, lemurs spread into man… — Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye and the fossa · tree and pragmatics description: With no monkeys or woodpeckers on the island, lemurs spread into many kinds: the aye-aye taps on bark with a long thin finger to find grubs, and sifakas bound sideways across the ground like dancers. Who acts: lemurs, aye aye, sifakas. A sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/127-madagascar-real-lemurs/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/127-madagascar-real-lemurs/) / 2 # Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye and the fossa, sentence 2 With no monkeys or woodpeckers on the island, lemurs spread into many kinds: the aye-aye taps on bark with a long thin finger to find grubs, and sifakas bound sideways across the ground like dancers. **Who acts:** lemurs, aye aye, sifakas · **What happens:** spread, tap, find, bound · **To what, where:** many kinds, bark, grubs, ground This is a sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye and the fossa» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lemurs, aye aye, sifakas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:127-madagascar-real-lemurs.lesson:2 # text = With no monkeys or woodpeckers on the island, lemurs spread into many kinds: the aye-aye taps on bark with a long thin finger to find grubs, and sifakas bound sideways across the ground like dancers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 127-madagascar-real-lemurs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 With with ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 3 det _ _ 3 monkeys monkey NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 woodpeckers woodpecker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 island island NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 lemurs lemur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 spread spread VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 into into ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 17 aye aye NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 18 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 17 punct _ _ 19 aye aye NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 taps tap VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ _ 21 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 with with ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 25 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 26 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 finger finger NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark _ _ 29 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 acl _ _ 30 grubs grub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=35:punct 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 sifakas sifaka NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 34 bound bound VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 35 sideways sideways ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 36 across across ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 39 like like ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 dancers dancer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spread** | present | lemurs | | | many kinds | | with no monkeys on the island or woodpeckers | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into kind=Destination | | 2 | **tap** | present | the aye aye | | | bark | | with a long thin finger | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with finger=Instrument | | 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | the aye aye *not said here* | grubs | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grub=Topic | | 4 | **bound** | present | sifakas | | | the ground | | like dancers; sideways *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across ground=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:127-madagascar-real-lemurs.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye a…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/127-madagascar-real-lemurs/1/) - next →: [Madagascar: real lemurs, the aye-aye a…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/127-madagascar-real-lemurs/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/127-madagascar-real-lemurs/)