---
title: A giraffe's dark tongue is about 45 to 50 centimetres long and pulls… — Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos an… · tree and pragmatics
description: A giraffe's dark tongue is about 45 to 50 centimetres long and pulls leaves past the thorns of acacia trees. Who acts: dark tongue. A sentence of the lesson «Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes, sentence 15

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A giraffe's dark tongue is about 45 to 50 centimetres long and pulls leaves past the thorns of acacia trees.

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**Who acts:** dark tongue · **What happens:** be, pull · **To what, where:** leaves

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dark tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson:15
# text = A giraffe's dark tongue is about 45 to 50 centimetres long and pulls leaves past the thorns of acacia trees.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	_
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
7	about	about	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nmod	_	_
11	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	pulls	pull	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
15	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
16	past	past	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	thorns	thorn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	acacia	acacia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a giraffe's dark tongue |  |  |  |  | 45 centimetres *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pull** | present | a giraffe's dark tongue *not said here* | leaves |  |  |  | past the thorns of acacia trees | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras,…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/17/)
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