--- title: Hippos cannot really swim or float; their heavy bones make them sink… — Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos an… · tree and pragmatics description: Hippos cannot really swim or float; their heavy bones make them sink, so they walk along the riverbed and push up for air about every five minutes, even in their sleep, without waking. Who acts: Hippos, heavy bones, stripes. A sentence of the lesson «Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/) / 9 # Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes, sentence 9 Hippos cannot really swim or float; their heavy bones make them sink, so they walk along the riverbed and push up for air about every five minutes, even in their sleep, without waking. **Who acts:** Hippos, heavy bones, stripes · **What happens:** not swim, float, make, sink, walk, push up · **To what, where:** stripes, riverbed, sleep This is a sentence of the lesson «Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hippos, heavy bones, stripes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson:9 # text = Hippos cannot really swim or float; their heavy bones make them sink, so they walk along the riverbed and push up for air about every five minutes, even in their sleep, without waking. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Hippos hippo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 4 really really ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 swim swim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 or or CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 float float VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 10 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:advcl 13 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 sink sink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 xcomp _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 walk walk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 19 along along ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 riverbed riverbed NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 push push VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 24 up up ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 for for ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 about about ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 30 det _ _ 29 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 30 minutes minute NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 even even ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 sleep sleep NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 without without SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 38 waking wake VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 conj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **swim** | can | Hippos | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **float** | infinitive | Hippos *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **make** | present | stripes's heavy bones | stripes *= stripe* | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **sink** | infinitive | stripes *= stripe* *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **walk** | present | stripes *= stripe* | | | the riverbed | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along riverbed=Trajectory | | 6 | **push up** | present | stripes *= stripe* *not said here* | | | stripes's sleep | minute | for air | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in sleep=Trajectory | | 7 | **wake** | gerund | Hippos *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **sleep** | | stripes *= stripe* | | | | | | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras,…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/8/) - next →: [Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras,…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/)