---
title: Penguins can drink sea water, because a special gland above the eyes… — The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and ch… · tree and pragmatics
description: Penguins can drink sea water, because a special gland above the eyes removes extra salt, which drips out from the beak. Who acts: Penguins, special gland, extra salt. A sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with i
---

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# The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Penguins can drink sea water, because a special gland above the eyes removes extra salt, which drips out from the beak.

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**Who acts:** Penguins, special gland, extra salt · **What happens:** drink, remove, drip out · **To what, where:** sea water, extra salt, beak

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Penguins, special gland, extra salt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:11
# text = Penguins can drink sea water, because a special gland above the eyes removes extra salt, which drips out from the beak.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	gland	gland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
11	above	above	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	removes	remove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
15	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	drips	drip	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	out	out	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | can | Penguins | sea water |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 2 | **remove** | present | a special gland above the eyes | extra salt |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Theme |
| 3 | **drip out** | present | extra salt |  |  | the beak |  | out *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from beak=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/12/)
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