--- title: Wild penguins live only in the southern half of the world, mostly ar… — The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and ch… · tree and pragmatics description: Wild penguins live only in the southern half of the world, mostly around Antarctica but also on warm beaches in South Africa, and one kind lives right on the equator, kept cool by cold sea currents. Who acts: Wild penguins, one kind. A sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguin --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/) / 2 # The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps, sentence 2 Wild penguins live only in the southern half of the world, mostly around Antarctica but also on warm beaches in South Africa, and one kind lives right on the equator, kept cool by cold sea currents. **Who acts:** Wild penguins, one kind · **What happens:** live, keep · **To what, where:** southern half, equator This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild penguins, one kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:2 # text = Wild penguins live only in the southern half of the world, mostly around Antarctica but also on warm beaches in South Africa, and one kind lives right on the equator, kept cool by cold sea currents. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 southern southern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 3 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 14 around around ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:parataxis 16 but but CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 also also ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 18 on on ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 beaches beach NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 lives live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 29 right right ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 30 on on ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 equator equator NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 advcl _ _ 35 cool cool ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 36 by by ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 37 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 38 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 currents current NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=35:obl 40 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Wild penguins | | | the southern half of the world | | around Antarctica | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in half=Location | | 2 | **live** | present | one kind | | | the equator | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on equator=Location | | 3 | **keep** | participle | one kind *not said here* | | | | | by cold sea currents; cool *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by current=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/0/) - next →: [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/)