--- title: Penguins «fly» under water with stiff, short flippers, and gentoo pe… — The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and ch… · tree and pragmatics description: Penguins «fly» under water with stiff, short flippers, and gentoo penguins can swim at about 35 km per hour, faster than any other bird under water. Who acts: Penguins, gentoo penguins. A sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/) / 7 # The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps, sentence 7 Penguins «fly» under water with stiff, short flippers, and gentoo penguins can swim at about 35 km per hour, faster than any other bird under water. **Who acts:** Penguins, gentoo penguins · **What happens:** fly, swim · **To what, where:** water, 35 km This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Penguins, gentoo penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:7 # text = Penguins «fly» under water with stiff, short flippers, and gentoo penguins can swim at about 35 km per hour, faster than any other bird under water. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 « « PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 3 fly fly VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 » » PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 5 under under ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 8 stiff stiff ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 flippers flipper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 14 gentoo gentoo NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 16 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 swim swim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 18 at at ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 about about ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 35 35 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 km km NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 22 per per ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:obl 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 faster fast ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 17 parataxis _ _ 26 than than ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 29 det _ _ 28 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 30 under under ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** *in a quote* | infinitive | Penguins | | | water | | with stiff short flippers | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent under water=Location | | 2 | **swim** | can | gentoo penguins | | | 35 km per hour | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at km=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/6/) - next →: [The penguins of Madagascar: real pengu…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/)