---
title: Snow leopards of Central Asia use their very long fluffy tail for ba… — Mountains: life as you climb higher · tree and pragmatics
description: Snow leopards of Central Asia use their very long fluffy tail for balance on cliffs and as a warm wrap; they have small round ears and wide furry paws like snowshoes, and they cannot roar, only make a puffing sound. Who acts: Snow leopards, yaks. A sentence of the lesson «Mountains: life as you clim
---

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# Mountains: life as you climb higher, sentence 10

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Snow leopards of Central Asia use their very long fluffy tail for balance on cliffs and as a warm wrap; they have small round ears and wide furry paws like snowshoes, and they cannot roar, only make a puffing sound.

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**Who acts:** Snow leopards, yaks · **What happens:** use, have, not roar, make · **To what, where:** long fluffy tail, small round ears, puffing sound

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Snow leopards, yaks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson:10
# text = Snow leopards of Central Asia use their very long fluffy tail for balance on cliffs and as a warm wrap; they have small round ears and wide furry paws like snowshoes, and they cannot roar, only make a puffing sound.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	leopards	leopard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Central	Central	PROPN	NNP	_	5	flat	_	_
5	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	fluffy	fluffy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	balance	balance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	wrap	wrap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj
24	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
29	furry	furry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	paws	paw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
31	like	like	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	snowshoes	snowshoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
36	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	38	advmod	_	_
38	roar	roar	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	only	only	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	conj	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
43	puffing	puffing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	compound	_	_
44	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Snow leopards of Central Asia | yaks's long fluffy tail |  |  |  | for balance on cliffs and a warm wrap | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent tail=Theme for balance=Eventuality |
| 2 | **have** | present | yaks *= yak* | small round ears and wide furry paws like snowshoes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **roar** | can | yaks *= yak* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | infinitive | yaks *= yak* *not said here* | a puffing sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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