---
title: Alpine ibex climb the almost vertical stone walls of dams, like the… — Mountains: life as you climb higher · tree and pragmatics
description: Alpine ibex climb the almost vertical stone walls of dams, like the Cingino dam in Italy, to lick salt, gripping with hooves that have hard edges and soft pads; baby ibex can climb within days of being born. Who acts: Alpine ibex, hooves, baby ibex. A sentence of the lesson «Mountains: life as you c
---

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# Mountains: life as you climb higher, sentence 7

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Alpine ibex climb the almost vertical stone walls of dams, like the Cingino dam in Italy, to lick salt, gripping with hooves that have hard edges and soft pads; baby ibex can climb within days of being born.

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**Who acts:** Alpine ibex, hooves, baby ibex · **What happens:** climb, lick, grip, have, bear · **To what, where:** vertical stone walls, salt, hard edges, days

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alpine ibex, hooves, baby ibex), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson:7
# text = Alpine ibex climb the almost vertical stone walls of dams, like the Cingino dam in Italy, to lick salt, gripping with hooves that have hard edges and soft pads; baby ibex can climb within days of being born.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Alpine	alpine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	ibex	ibex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	climb	climb	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	vertical	vertical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	dams	dam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Cingino	Cingino	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	dam	dam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	lick	lick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
21	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	hooves	hoove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
27	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
28	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	pads	pad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
34	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	ibex	ibex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
36	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
38	within	within	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	_
40	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
41	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	42	aux:pass	_	_
42	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	acl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | present | Alpine ibex | the vertical stone walls of dams |  |  |  | like the Cingino dam in Italy | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location wall=Theme |
| 2 | **lick** | to-infinitive | Alpine ibex *not said here* | salt |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent salt=Source |
| 3 | **grip** | gerund | Alpine ibex *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with hooves | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with hoove=Instrument |
| 4 | **have** | present | hooves | hard edges and soft pads |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edge=Patient |
| 5 | **climb** | can | baby ibex |  |  |  | day |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **bear** | gerund · passive |  | days *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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