--- title: Mammoths mostly ate grass and low plants of a cold, dry grassland ca… — Ice Age: real woolly mammoths · tree and pragmatics description: Mammoths mostly ate grass and low plants of a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe, perhaps over 150 kilograms a day, because grass gives little energy and a huge body in the cold needs a lot, ground by brick-sized ridged teeth. Who acts: Mammoths, cold dry grassland, grass. A sentence of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age: real woolly mammoths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths/) / 13 # Ice Age: real woolly mammoths, sentence 13 Mammoths mostly ate grass and low plants of a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe, perhaps over 150 kilograms a day, because grass gives little energy and a huge body in the cold needs a lot, ground by brick-sized ridged teeth. **Who acts:** Mammoths, cold dry grassland, grass · **What happens:** eat, call, give, need, grind, ridge · **To what, where:** grass, mammoth steppe, little energy, lot · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real woolly mammoths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mammoths, cold dry grassland, grass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson:13 # text = Mammoths mostly ate grass and low plants of a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe, perhaps over 150 kilograms a day, because grass gives little energy and a huge body in the cold needs a lot, ground by brick-sized ridged teeth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Mammoths mammoth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 ate eat VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 6 low low ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 10 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 12 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 grassland grassland NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 14 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 acl _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 mammoth mammoth NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 17 steppe steppe NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 perhaps perhaps ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 20 over over ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 21 150 150 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 22 kilograms kilogram NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod:unmarked _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 because because SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 29 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj _ _ 35 in in SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:nsubj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 38 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 advcl _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 42 ground grind VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 40 acl _ _ 43 by by ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 44 brick brick NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=46:compound|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 45 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 44 punct _ _ 46 sized size ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 48 amod _ _ 47 ridged ridge VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 48 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=48:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 48 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obl:agent _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | past | Mammoths | grass and low plants of a cold dry grassland | | | | mostly *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient | | 2 | **call** | participle | a cold dry grassland *not said here* | the mammoth steppe 150 kilograms a day | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent steppe=Recipient | | 3 | **give** | present | grass | little energy and a huge body the cold | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | | 4 | **need** | present | grass *not said here* | a lot | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme | | 5 | **grind** | participle | | a lot *not said here* | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **ridge** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age: real woolly mammoths, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths/12/) - next →: [Ice Age: real woolly mammoths, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths/)