---
title: Mammoth tusks have rings inside like tree rings, which scientists re… — Ice Age: real woolly mammoths · tree and pragmatics
description: Mammoth tusks have rings inside like tree rings, which scientists read to learn how the animal lived year by year. Who acts: Mammoth tusks, scientists, animal. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real woolly mammoths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Ice Age: real woolly mammoths, sentence 8

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Mammoth tusks have rings inside like tree rings, which scientists read to learn how the animal lived year by year.

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**Who acts:** Mammoth tusks, scientists, animal · **What happens:** have, read, learn, live · **To what, where:** rings, tree rings

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real woolly mammoths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mammoth tusks, scientists, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson:8
# text = Mammoth tusks have rings inside like tree rings, which scientists read to learn how the animal lived year by year.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Mammoth	mammoth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	tusks	tusk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obj	_	_
11	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:xcomp
15	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
19	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Mammoth tusks | rings |  |  |  | like tree rings; inside *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient |
| 2 | **read** | past | scientists | tree rings |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Topic |
| 3 | **learn** | to-infinitive | scientists *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **live** | past | the animal |  |  |  | year |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:130-ice-age-real-woolly-mammoths.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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