--- title: Scrat is invented, but in 2011 scientists described a tiny long-fang… — Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glypt… · tree and pragmatics description: Scrat is invented, but in 2011 scientists described a tiny long-fanged fossil mammal from about 94 million years ago in South America that reminded them of him. Who acts: scientists, tiny long fanged fossil mammal. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/) / 10 # Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos, sentence 10 Scrat is invented, but in 2011 scientists described a tiny long-fanged fossil mammal from about 94 million years ago in South America that reminded them of him. **Who acts:** scientists, tiny long fanged fossil mammal · **What happens:** invent, describe, fang, remind · **To what, where:** Scrat, 2011, South America, scientists This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, tiny long fanged fossil mammal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:10 # text = Scrat is invented, but in 2011 scientists described a tiny long-fanged fossil mammal from about 94 million years ago in South America that reminded them of him. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Scrat Scrat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 invented invent VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 5 but but CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 2011 2011 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:nummod 8 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obl 9 described describe VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 11 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 12 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 13 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 12 punct _ _ 14 fanged fang VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 amod _ _ 15 fossil fossil NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 mammal mammal NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:advmod 19 94 94 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:obl 20 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 ago ago ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 reminded remind VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ _ 28 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **invent** | present · passive | | Scrat | | | | ago *property* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | | 2 | **describe** | past | scientists | 2011 | | South America | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent mammal=Theme | | 3 | **fang** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **remind** *speech: other* | past | a tiny long fanged fossil mammal | | scientists *= scientist* | | | of America | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Recipient of he=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/9/) - next →: [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/)