--- title: In the Ice Age so much water was frozen into ice sheets that the sea… — Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glypt… · tree and pragmatics description: In the Ice Age so much water was frozen into ice sheets that the sea was much lower, and people could walk from Asia to America over land that is now under the sea. Who acts: sea, people, land. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/) / 15 # Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos, sentence 15 In the Ice Age so much water was frozen into ice sheets that the sea was much lower, and people could walk from Asia to America over land that is now under the sea. **Who acts:** sea, people, land · **What happens:** freeze, be, walk · **To what, where:** much water, Ice Age, America, Asia, sea This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea, people, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:15 # text = In the Ice Age so much water was frozen into ice sheets that the sea was much lower, and people could walk from Asia to America over land that is now under the sea. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 Ice Ice PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 4 Age age PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=9:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 5 so so ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 7 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 10 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 sheets sheet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 13 that that SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 16 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 17 much much ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 9 advcl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 22 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:parataxis 24 from from ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 28 over over ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 30 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 nsubj _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 32 now now ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 33 under under ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 acl:relcl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **freeze** | past · passive | | much water | | | in the Ice Age | into ice sheets | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | | 2 | **is** | past | the sea | | | | | low *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **walk** | could | people | | America | Asia | | over land | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to america=Result | | 4 | **is** | present | land | | | the sea | now | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/14/) - next →: [Finding Nemo: real clownfish and sea a…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/132-finding-nemo-real-clownfish-and-anemones/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/)