--- title: Ground sloths came from South America, spread north when the two Ame… — Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glypt… · tree and pragmatics description: Ground sloths came from South America, spread north when the two Americas joined, and died out over 10,000 years ago, except on a few Caribbean islands where they lasted longer. Who acts: Ground sloths, two Americas, sloths. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glypto --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/) / 9 # Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos, sentence 9 Ground sloths came from South America, spread north when the two Americas joined, and died out over 10,000 years ago, except on a few Caribbean islands where they lasted longer. **Who acts:** Ground sloths, two Americas, sloths · **What happens:** come, spread, join, die out, last · **To what, where:** South America This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ground sloths, two Americas, sloths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:9 # text = Ground sloths came from South America, spread north when the two Americas joined, and died out over 10,000 years ago, except on a few Caribbean islands where they lasted longer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 2 sloths sloth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 South South PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 9 north north ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 14 advmod _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 Americas Americas PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 advcl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 18 out out ADP RP _ 17 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 19 over over ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 10,000 10000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:obl:unmarked 22 ago ago ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:advmod 23 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 24 except except ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 25 on on ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 27 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 28 Caribbean caribbean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 islands island NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 30 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 32 advmod _ _ 31 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 lasted last VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ _ 33 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 32 advmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Ground sloths | | | South America | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from america=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **spread** | past | Ground sloths *not said here* | | | | | north *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **join** | past | the two Americas | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **die out** | past | Ground sloths *not said here* | | | | | except a few Caribbean islands; ago *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 5 | **last** | past | sloths *= sloth* | | | | | long *property* | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/8/) - next →: [Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground slo…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/)