--- title: Brown rats eat almost anything, have many babies and can squeeze thr… — The city as a habitat · tree and pragmatics description: Brown rats eat almost anything, have many babies and can squeeze through holes about the size of a coin; the saying that you are never more than 2 metres from a rat is a myth, and rats can carry disease, so never touch them. Who acts: Brown rats, you, saying, rats. A sentence of the lesson «The city --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The city as a habitat](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/) / 10 # The city as a habitat, sentence 10 Brown rats eat almost anything, have many babies and can squeeze through holes about the size of a coin; the saying that you are never more than 2 metres from a rat is a myth, and rats can carry disease, so never touch them. **Who acts:** Brown rats, you, saying, rats · **What happens:** eat, have, squeeze, say, not be, be · **To what, where:** anything, many babies, holes, 2 metres, rat, myth · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brown rats, you, saying, rats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:10 # text = Brown rats eat almost anything, have many babies and can squeeze through holes about the size of a coin; the saying that you are never more than 2 metres from a rat is a myth, and rats can carry disease, so never touch them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 Brown brown ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 rats rat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 almost almost ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 3 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 8 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=7:cc 11 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 squeeze squeeze VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=7:conj 13 through through ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 holes hole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 15 about about ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 coin coin NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=37:det 23 saying say VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 37 csubj _ _ 24 that that SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 25 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 27 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 28 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 30 advmod _ _ 29 than than ADP IN _ 28 fixed _ _ 30 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 nummod _ _ 31 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 ccomp _ _ 32 from from ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 rat rat NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 myth myth NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=37:cc 40 rats rat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 nsubj _ _ 41 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 42 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 conj _ _ 43 disease disease NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obj _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 so so ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ _ 46 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 47 advmod _ _ 47 touch touch VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 37 parataxis _ _ 48 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 obj _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | present | Brown rats | anything | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient | | 2 | **have** | present | Brown rats *not said here* | many babies | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient | | 3 | **squeeze** | can | Brown rats *not said here* | | | holes about the size of a coin | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent through hole=Trajectory | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **not** **is a** | present | you | 2 metres | | a rat | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is a** | present | saying | a myth | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **carry** | can | rats | disease | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disease=Theme | | 8 | **not** **touch** | infinitive | | rats *= rat* | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The city as a habitat, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/9/) - next →: [The city as a habitat, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/)