--- title: The animals that win in cities are the clever, bold, eat-almost-anyt… — The city as a habitat · tree and pragmatics description: The animals that win in cities are the clever, bold, eat-almost-anything kind: crows, gulls, rats, foxes and raccoons learn fast and try new things. Who acts: animals, crows. A sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The city as a habitat](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/) / 2 # The city as a habitat, sentence 2 The animals that win in cities are the clever, bold, eat-almost-anything kind: crows, gulls, rats, foxes and raccoons learn fast and try new things. **Who acts:** animals, crows · **What happens:** win, eat, be, learn, try · **To what, where:** cities, clever eat anything kind, new things This is a sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, crows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:2 # text = The animals that win in cities are the clever, bold, eat-almost-anything kind: crows, gulls, rats, foxes and raccoons learn fast and try new things. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 3 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 4 nsubj _ _ 4 win win VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl:relcl _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 9 clever clever ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 bold bold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 amod _ _ 14 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 18 punct _ _ 15 almost almost ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:advmod 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ _ 17 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 18 compound _ _ 18 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 19 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 20 crows crow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:appos 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 gulls gull NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 rats rat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 foxes fox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 raccoons raccoon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ _ 29 learn learn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 30 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 29 advmod _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 try try VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 33 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **win** | present | the animals | | | cities | | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent in city=Eventuality | | 2 | **eat** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** | present | | the clever eat anything kind | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **learn** | present | crows and gulls and rats and foxes and raccoons | the clever eat anything kind *not said here* | | | | fast *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Topic | | 5 | **try** | present | crows and gulls and rats and foxes and raccoons *not said here* | new things | | | | | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The city as a habitat, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/1/) - next →: [The city as a habitat, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/)