--- title: Flying gets harder the heavier you are, because wings and muscles mu… — Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and… · tree and pragmatics description: Flying gets harder the heavier you are, because wings and muscles must grow even faster than the body; the biggest fliers ever, pterosaurs with 10-metre wings, were light with hollow bones, so a castle-sized dragon could never take off. Who acts: you, wings, fliers pterosaurs, sized dragon. A senten --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and liz…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/) / 3 # Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothing breathes fire, sentence 3 Flying gets harder the heavier you are, because wings and muscles must grow even faster than the body; the biggest fliers ever, pterosaurs with 10-metre wings, were light with hollow bones, so a castle-sized dragon could never take off. **Who acts:** you, wings, fliers pterosaurs, sized dragon · **What happens:** fly, get, be, grow, size, not take off This is a sentence of the lesson «Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothing breathes fire» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, wings, fliers pterosaurs, sized dragon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards.lesson:3 # text = Flying gets harder the heavier you are, because wings and muscles must grow even faster than the body; the biggest fliers ever, pterosaurs with 10-metre wings, were light with hollow bones, so a castle-sized dragon could never take off. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Flying fly VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 nsubj _ _ 2 gets get VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 2 xcomp _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 heavier heavy ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 2 advcl _ _ 6 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 9 because because SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 10 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 muscles muscle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 13 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 15 even even ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 faster fast ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 14 xcomp _ _ 17 than than ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 23 amod _ _ 23 fliers flier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 compound _ _ 24 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 23 advmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 26 pterosaurs pterosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 27 with with ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 28 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 30 punct _ _ 30 metre metre NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=34:obl 32 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 33 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 34 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 parataxis _ _ 35 with with ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 hollow hollow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 39 so so ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 41 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 42 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 41 punct _ _ 43 sized size VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 amod _ _ 44 dragon dragon NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 45 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 46 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 47 advmod _ _ 47 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 parataxis _ _ 48 off off ADP RP _ 47 compound:prt _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **get** | present | | | | | | hard *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **is** | present | you | | | | | heavy *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **grow** | must | wings and muscles | | | | | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is** | past | fliers pterosaurs with metre wings | | | | | with hollow bones; light *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **size** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **not** **take off** | could | a sized dragon | | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and liz…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/2/) - next →: [Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and liz…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/)