--- title: Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops», a lesson of the biology course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: There are hundreds of kinds of monkeys, from a pygmy marmoset that could sit on your finger to a mandrill heavier than a big dog with a f --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops # Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops Lesson 15 of the biology course of Mova's primary school: 16 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/0/) — There are hundreds of kinds of monkeys, from a pygmy marmoset that could sit on your finger to a mandrill heavier than a big dog with a face painted red and blue. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/1/) — They come in two big families: New World monkeys of Central and South America with flat noses and sideways nostrils, and Old World monkeys of Africa and Asia with narrow noses and nostrils pointing down. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/3/) — Most monkeys live in troops that groom each other, warn each other and shout at the neighbours: howlers boom at dawn, baboons march along the road, and snow monkeys sit together in hot springs. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/4/) — A gorilla is not a monkey at all: apes have no tail; and the cartoon monkey with a banana is wrong too, because wild monkeys never ate our sweet shop bananas. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/5/) — Spider monkeys have a prehensile, gripping tail with bare ridged skin under the tip; only some monkeys of Central and South America have gripping tails, and no monkey of Africa or Asia can hang by its tail. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/6/) — New World monkeys have flat noses with nostrils pointing sideways; Old World monkeys from Africa and Asia have narrow noses with nostrils pointing down and are closer relatives of apes and of us. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/7/) — Baboons live in big troops on the ground in Africa, sometimes 50 or more, with a ranking order, so many eyes spot lions and leopards and the troop defends each other; big males have teeth longer than a lion's, so never feed them or open car windows. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/8/) — Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys, at Jigokudani sit in hot springs in snowy winters to keep warm, and scientists found the baths lower their stress; they live farther north than any other monkey. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/9/) — Howler monkeys have a big hollow bone in the throat that makes their call heard about 5 kilometres away, so troops know where the others are without fighting. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/10/) — Bearded capuchins in Brazil crack hard palm nuts on a flat rock with a heavy stone, and the young take years to learn it by watching older monkeys. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/11/) — Mandrills of Central African rainforests are the biggest monkeys; a big male can weigh over 30 kilograms, with a red nose and blue ridges that are brightest on the strongest males. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/12/) — Male proboscis monkeys of Borneo have a long floppy nose that makes their calls louder; they swim well with partly webbed feet and jump into rivers from trees. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/13/) — Monkeys groom each other, picking out dirt, dead skin and bugs, which keeps fur clean, builds friendships and calms them down. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/14/) — Wild monkeys eat fruit, leaves, seeds, flowers and insects; our sweet bananas were bred by people, and Paignton Zoo in England stopped giving monkeys bananas because the sugar harmed their teeth and tummies. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/15/) — The pygmy marmoset from the Amazon is the smallest monkey, about 100 grams; it gnaws holes in bark to lap up gum and sap, and fathers and older brothers and sisters carry the babies, often twins. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/16/) — Gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans are apes, not monkeys: apes have no tail; gibbons, the acrobats of Asian forests, are smaller apes with no tail too. - ← previous: [The city as a habitat](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/) - next →: [The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/) - ↑ back to [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/)