--- title: Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys, at Jigokudani sit in hot springs… — Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops · tree and pragmatics description: Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys, at Jigokudani sit in hot springs in snowy winters to keep warm, and scientists found the baths lower their stress; they live farther north than any other monkey. Who acts: Japanese macaques, scientists, baths, monkeys. A sentence of the lesson «Monkeys: kinds, tai --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/) / 8 # Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops, sentence 8 Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys, at Jigokudani sit in hot springs in snowy winters to keep warm, and scientists found the baths lower their stress; they live farther north than any other monkey. **Who acts:** Japanese macaques, scientists, baths, monkeys · **What happens:** sit, keep, find, lower, live, stress · **To what, where:** Jigokudani, stress · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Japanese macaques, scientists, baths, monkeys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:015-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops.lesson:8 # text = Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys, at Jigokudani sit in hot springs in snowy winters to keep warm, and scientists found the baths lower their stress; they live farther north than any other monkey. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 015-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Japanese Japanese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 macaques macaque NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 monkeys monkey NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Jigokudani Jigokudani PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 10 sit sit VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 springs spring NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 snowy snowy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 winters winter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:acl 19 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 xcomp _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 baths bath NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 lower lower VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 ccomp _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=23:ccomp|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 27 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 stress stress NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 30 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=23:conj 32 farther farther ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 north north ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 34 than than ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 37 det _ _ 36 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 monkey monkey NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sit** | present | Japanese macaques or snow monkeys | | | Jigokudani | spring | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at jigokudani=Location | | 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Japanese macaques or snow monkeys *not said here* | | | | | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **find** | past | scientists | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **lower** | present | the baths | monkeys's stress | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stress=Theme | | 5 | **live** | present | baths *= bath* | | | | | than any other monkey; north *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **stress** | | monkeys *= monkey* | | | | | | nom stress «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:015-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/7/) - next →: [Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/)