--- title: Snowy owls, Arctic foxes, stoats and skuas depend on lemmings; in go… — Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs? · tree and pragmatics description: Snowy owls, Arctic foxes, stoats and skuas depend on lemmings; in good years they raise big families, and in bad years snowy owls may not nest at all. Who acts: Snowy owls, lemmings. A sentence of the lesson «Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/) / 10 # Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?, sentence 10 Snowy owls, Arctic foxes, stoats and skuas depend on lemmings; in good years they raise big families, and in bad years snowy owls may not nest at all. **Who acts:** Snowy owls, lemmings · **What happens:** depend, raise, not nest · **To what, where:** big families, all This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Snowy owls, lemmings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs.lesson:10 # text = Snowy owls, Arctic foxes, stoats and skuas depend on lemmings; in good years they raise big families, and in bad years snowy owls may not nest at all. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1 1 Snowy snowy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 owls owl NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 Arctic arctic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 foxes fox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 stoats stoat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 skuas skua NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=7:conj 10 depend depend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 lemmings lemming NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 raise raise VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 19 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 families family NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 26 snowy snowy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 owls owl NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 28 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 29 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 30 advmod _ _ 30 nest nest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:conj 31 at at ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 30 obl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **depend** | present | Snowy owls and Arctic foxes and stoats and skuas | | | | | on lemmings | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on lemming=Theme | | 2 | **raise** | present | lemmings *= lemming* | big families | | | year | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Theme | | 3 | **not** **nest** | may | snowy owls | | | all | year | | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/9/) - next →: [Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/)