--- title: Bats take off by letting go and dropping into flight, because their… — Myth check: are bats blind? · tree and pragmatics description: Bats take off by letting go and dropping into flight, because their legs are too small and light to jump up from the ground like a bird. Who acts: Bats, legs. A sentence of the lesson «Myth check: are bats blind?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Myth check: are bats blind?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/) / 10 # Myth check: are bats blind?, sentence 10 Bats take off by letting go and dropping into flight, because their legs are too small and light to jump up from the ground like a bird. **Who acts:** Bats, legs · **What happens:** take off, let, go, drop, be, jump up · **To what, where:** flight, ground This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: are bats blind?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:153-are-bats-blind.lesson:10 # text = Bats take off by letting go and dropping into flight, because their legs are too small and light to jump up from the ground like a bird. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 153-are-bats-blind.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 off off ADP RP _ 2 compound:prt _ _ 4 by by SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 5 letting let VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 6 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 dropping drop VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 conj _ _ 9 into into ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 flight flight NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 because because SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 15 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 16 too too ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 advcl _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 conj _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 jump jump VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl _ _ 22 up up ADV RB _ 21 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:advmod 23 from from ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 26 like like ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take off** | present | Bats | | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **let** | gerund | Bats *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **go** | infinitive | Bats *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **drop** | gerund | Bats *not said here* | | | flight | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into flight=Trajectory | | 5 | **is** | present | People's legs | | | | | small *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **be** | | People's legs *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **jump up** | to-infinitive | People's legs *not said here* | | | the ground | | like a bird | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from ground=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:153-are-bats-blind.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Myth check: are bats blind?, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/9/) - next →: [Myth check: are bats blind?, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/)