--- title: Bats hang upside down by their feet, and tendons lock their claws sh… — Myth check: are bats blind? · tree and pragmatics description: Bats hang upside down by their feet, and tendons lock their claws shut under their own weight, so hanging costs almost no effort. Who acts: Bats, tendons. A sentence of the lesson «Myth check: are bats blind?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Myth check: are bats blind?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/) / 9 # Myth check: are bats blind?, sentence 9 Bats hang upside down by their feet, and tendons lock their claws shut under their own weight, so hanging costs almost no effort. **Who acts:** Bats, tendons · **What happens:** hang down, lock, shut, hang, cost · **To what, where:** upside, claws, own weight, effort This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: are bats blind?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, tendons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:153-are-bats-blind.lesson:9 # text = Bats hang upside down by their feet, and tendons lock their claws shut under their own weight, so hanging costs almost no effort. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 153-are-bats-blind.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 hang hang VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 upside upside NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 down down PART RP _ 2 compound:prt _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 tendons tendon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ _ 11 lock lock VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 claws claw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 14 shut shut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 acl _ _ 15 under under ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 17 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 weight weight NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 21 hanging hang VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 nsubj _ _ 22 costs cost VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 23 almost almost ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 24 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 25 det _ _ 25 effort effort NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hang down** | present | Bats | upside | | | | by People's feet | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upside=Theme by foot=Destination | | 2 | **lock** | present | tendons | People's claws | | | | | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Patient | | 3 | **shut** | participle | | People's claws *not said here* | | People's own weight | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **hang** | gerund | | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **cost** | present | | no effort | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme effort=Value | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:153-are-bats-blind.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Myth check: are bats blind?, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/8/) - next →: [Myth check: are bats blind?, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/)