--- title: Under the canopy the forest floor is dim, hot and damp, and so busy… — The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants,… · tree and pragmatics description: Under the canopy the forest floor is dim, hot and damp, and so busy that a fallen tree can vanish in a few years as fungi, termites and bacteria eat it. Who acts: forest floor, fallen tree, termites. A sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the g --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/) / 0 # The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider, sentence 0 Under the canopy the forest floor is dim, hot and damp, and so busy that a fallen tree can vanish in a few years as fungi, termites and bacteria eat it. **Who acts:** forest floor, fallen tree, termites · **What happens:** be, fall, vanish, eat · **To what, where:** canopy, tree This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forest floor, fallen tree, termites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:0 # text = Under the canopy the forest floor is dim, hot and damp, and so busy that a fallen tree can vanish in a few years as fungi, termites and bacteria eat it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Under under ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 canopy canopy NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 dim dim ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 damp damp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 busy busy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 17 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 fallen fall VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 amod _ _ 20 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 21 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 vanish vanish VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 27 as as ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 fungi fungi NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 30 termites termite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 conj _ _ 33 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the forest floor | | | the canopy | | dim *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | the forest floor *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | the forest floor *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | the forest floor *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **fall** | participle | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **vanish** | can | a fallen tree | | | | year | as fungi | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **eat** | present | termites and bacteria | tree | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagl…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/16/) - next →: [The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters,…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/)