---
title: The jaguar has the strongest bite for its size of any big cat and ca… — The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The jaguar has the strongest bite for its size of any big cat and can crack turtle shells and caiman skulls. Who acts: jaguar. A sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its depe
---

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# The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The jaguar has the strongest bite for its size of any big cat and can crack turtle shells and caiman skulls.

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**Who acts:** jaguar · **What happens:** have, crack · **To what, where:** strongest bite, turtle shells

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (jaguar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:10
# text = The jaguar has the strongest bite for its size of any big cat and can crack turtle shells and caiman skulls.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jaguar	jaguar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	bite	bite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
12	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	crack	crack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
17	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	caiman	caiman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	skulls	skull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the jaguar | the strongest bite |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bite=Patient |
| 2 | **crack** | can | the jaguar *not said here* | turtle shells and caiman skulls |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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