--- title: The candiru is a tiny, thin catfish that feeds on the blood of bigge… — Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans… · tree and pragmatics description: The candiru is a tiny, thin catfish that feeds on the blood of bigger fish by entering their gills; the story of it attacking people rests on very few unclear reports, and scientists doubt most of them. Who acts: candiru, tiny thin catfish, story, scientists. A sentence of the lesson «Amazon giants --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/) / 10 # Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru, sentence 10 The candiru is a tiny, thin catfish that feeds on the blood of bigger fish by entering their gills; the story of it attacking people rests on very few unclear reports, and scientists doubt most of them. **Who acts:** candiru, tiny thin catfish, story, scientists · **What happens:** be, feed, enter, attack, rest, doubt · **To what, where:** tiny thin catfish, gills, people, few unclear reports, most This is a sentence of the lesson «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (candiru, tiny thin catfish, story, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson:10 # text = The candiru is a tiny, thin catfish that feeds on the blood of bigger fish by entering their gills; the story of it attacking people rests on very few unclear reports, and scientists doubt most of them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 candiru candiru NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=8:nsubj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 5 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 7 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 catfish catfish NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 10 feeds feed VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 16 amod _ _ 16 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl 17 by by SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 18 entering enter VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 19 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 gills gill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod _ _ 26 attacking attack VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 acl _ _ 27 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 28 rests rest VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:conj 29 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 30 very very ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 32 unclear unclear ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 reports report NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 37 doubt doubt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 38 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 37 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBS:Degree=Sup 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nmod _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the candiru | a tiny thin catfish | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **feed** | present | a tiny thin catfish | | | | | on the blood of bigger fish | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on blood=Patient | | 3 | **enter** | gerund | a tiny thin catfish *not said here* | eels's gills | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gill=Destination | | 4 | **attack** | gerund | the story of candiru *not said here* | people | | | | | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | | 5 | **rest** | present | the story of candiru | | | few unclear reports | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on report=Location | | 6 | **doubt** | present | scientists | most of eels | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/9/) - next →: [Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/)