--- title: Electric eels can leap up and press their chin against a threat, so… — Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans… · tree and pragmatics description: Electric eels can leap up and press their chin against a threat, so the shock goes straight into it; the scientist Kenneth Catania tested this and wrote about it in 2016 and 2017. Who acts: Electric eels, shock, scientist. A sentence of the lesson «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/) / 9 # Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru, sentence 9 Electric eels can leap up and press their chin against a threat, so the shock goes straight into it; the scientist Kenneth Catania tested this and wrote about it in 2016 and 2017. **Who acts:** Electric eels, shock, scientist · **What happens:** leap up, press, go, test, write · **To what, where:** chin, threat, this, 2016 This is a sentence of the lesson «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Electric eels, shock, scientist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson:9 # text = Electric eels can leap up and press their chin against a threat, so the shock goes straight into it; the scientist Kenneth Catania tested this and wrote about it in 2016 and 2017. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Electric electric ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 eels eel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 leap leap VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 up up ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 press press VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 chin chin NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 against against ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 threat threat NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 so so ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 shock shock NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 goes go VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 18 straight straight ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 into into ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 scientist scientist NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 24 Kenneth Kenneth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 appos _ _ 25 Catania Catania PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 flat _ _ 26 tested test VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 27 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 26 obj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 wrote write VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 30 about about ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 2016 2016 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 obl _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 2017 2017 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 33 conj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **leap up** | can | Electric eels | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **press** | infinitive | Electric eels *not said here* | eels's chin | | | | against a threat | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chin=Theme | | 3 | **go** | present | the shock | | | threat | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into it=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **test** | past | the scientist | this | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Theme | | 5 | **write** | past | the scientist *not said here* | | | 2016 | | about scientist | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about it=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/8/) - next →: [Amazon giants and tall tales: anaconda…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/)