--- title: A silverback gorilla beats his chest with cupped hands, and the popp… — The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis… · tree and pragmatics description: A silverback gorilla beats his chest with cupped hands, and the popping drum sound tells rivals how big he is, often so a real fight is not needed. Who acts: silverback gorilla, popping drum sound, sound. A sentence of the lesson «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/) / 1 # The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants, sentence 1 A silverback gorilla beats his chest with cupped hands, and the popping drum sound tells rivals how big he is, often so a real fight is not needed. **Who acts:** silverback gorilla, popping drum sound, sound · **What happens:** beat, cup, pop, tell, be, not need · **To what, where:** chest, rivals, real fight · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (silverback gorilla, popping drum sound, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson:1 # text = A silverback gorilla beats his chest with cupped hands, and the popping drum sound tells rivals how big he is, often so a real fight is not needed. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 silverback silverback NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 gorilla gorilla NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 beats beat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 chest chest NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 cupped cup VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 amod _ _ 9 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 10 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 13 popping pop VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 amod _ _ 14 drum drum NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 tells tell VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 17 rivals rival NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 iobj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:obj 18 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 19 advmod _ _ 19 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 ccomp _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 23 often often ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 fight fight NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux:pass _ _ 29 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 30 advmod _ _ 30 needed need VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 advcl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **beat** | present | a silverback gorilla | Earth's chest | | | | with cupped hands | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent chest=Patient with hand=Instrument | | 2 | **cup** | participle | | | | | | | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **pop** | gerund | | | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the popping drum sound | | rivals | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent rival=Recipient | | 5 | **is** | present | sound | | | | | big *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **not** **need** | present · passive | | a real fight | | | | often *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/0/) - next →: [The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/)