--- title: The okapi lives only in the Congo forest and is the giraffe's closes… — The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis… · tree and pragmatics description: The okapi lives only in the Congo forest and is the giraffe's closest living relative; its stripy legs break up its outline in the shadows. Who acts: okapi, stripy legs. A sentence of the lesson «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/) / 8 # The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants, sentence 8 The okapi lives only in the Congo forest and is the giraffe's closest living relative; its stripy legs break up its outline in the shadows. **Who acts:** okapi, stripy legs · **What happens:** live, be, break up · **To what, where:** Congo forest, closest living relative, outline, shadows This is a sentence of the lesson «The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobos, okapis and forest elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (okapi, stripy legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson:8 # text = The okapi lives only in the Congo forest and is the giraffe's closest living relative; its stripy legs break up its outline in the shadows. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 okapi okapi NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 lives live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 Congo Congo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=8:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 8 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 giraffe giraffe NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod:poss _ _ 13 's 's PART POS _ 12 case _ _ 14 closest close ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 16 amod _ _ 15 living live ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 relative relative NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 18 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 19 stripy stripy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 break break VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 22 up up ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:compound:prt|HaikuPos=PART:RP:_ 23 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 outline outline NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 shadows shadow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | the okapi | | | the Congo forest | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location | | 2 | **is a** | present | the okapi *not said here* | the giraffe's closest living relative | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **break up** | present | okapi's stripy legs | okapi's outline | | the shadows | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outline=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:159-the-congo-rainforest.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/7/) - next →: [The Congo rainforest: gorillas, bonobo…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/159-the-congo-rainforest/)