--- title: All great apes are endangered; orangutans live only on Borneo and Su… — The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas,… · tree and pragmatics description: All great apes are endangered; orangutans live only on Borneo and Sumatra, where forest is cut down for farms and oil palm, and some products now show if their palm oil was grown without clearing rainforest. Who acts: great apes, orangutans, products. A sentence of the lesson «The great apes: chimpa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/) / 15 # The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans, sentence 15 All great apes are endangered; orangutans live only on Borneo and Sumatra, where forest is cut down for farms and oil palm, and some products now show if their palm oil was grown without clearing rainforest. **Who acts:** great apes, orangutans, products · **What happens:** be, live, cut down, show, grow, clear · **To what, where:** Borneo, forest, palm oil, rainforest This is a sentence of the lesson «The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great apes, orangutans, products), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:15 # text = All great apes are endangered; orangutans live only on Borneo and Sumatra, where forest is cut down for farms and oil palm, and some products now show if their palm oil was grown without clearing rainforest. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 016-the-great-apes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 All all DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 2 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 endangered endangered ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 orangutans orangutan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 9 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 on on ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Borneo Borneo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 Sumatra Sumatra PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 18 advmod _ _ 16 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl:relcl _ _ 19 down down ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 for for ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 farms farm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 compound _ _ 24 palm palm NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 27 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 28 det _ _ 28 products product NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 29 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 30 advmod _ _ 30 show show VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 31 if if SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 32 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 33 palm palm NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nsubj:pass _ _ 35 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux:pass _ _ 36 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 ccomp _ _ 37 without without SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 38 clearing clear VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 36 advcl _ _ 39 rainforest rainforest NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | all great apes | | | | | endangered *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **live** | present | orangutans | | | Borneo and Sumatra | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on borneo=Location | | 3 | **cut down** | present · passive | | forest | | | | for farms and oil palm | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: subject=Product for farm=Asset | | 4 | **show** | present | some products | | | | now | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **grow** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · passive | | orangutans's palm oil | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 6 | **clear** | gerund | | rainforest | | | | | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent rainforest=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos,…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/14/) - next →: [How close are apes to us?, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/)