--- title: Apes use tools and know themselves: a chimp fishes termites out of a… — The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas,… · tree and pragmatics description: Apes use tools and know themselves: a chimp fishes termites out of a mound with a grass stem, an orangutan weaves a fresh leafy bed every night, and chimps in a mirror touch a mark on their own face. Who acts: Apes, chimp, orangutan, chimps. A sentence of the lesson «The great apes: chimpanzees, bon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/) / 2 # The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans, sentence 2 Apes use tools and know themselves: a chimp fishes termites out of a mound with a grass stem, an orangutan weaves a fresh leafy bed every night, and chimps in a mirror touch a mark on their own face. **Who acts:** Apes, chimp, orangutan, chimps · **What happens:** use, know, fish, weave, touch · **To what, where:** tools, apes, termites, mound, fresh leafy bed, mark This is a sentence of the lesson «The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apes, chimp, orangutan, chimps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:2 # text = Apes use tools and know themselves: a chimp fishes termites out of a mound with a grass stem, an orangutan weaves a fresh leafy bed every night, and chimps in a mirror touch a mark on their own face. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 016-the-great-apes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 tools tool NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 6 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 5 obj _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 chimp chimp NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 fishes fish VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 11 termites termite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 12 out out ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 mound mound NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 stem stem NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 orangutan orangutan NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 23 weaves weave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 25 fresh fresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 26 leafy leafy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 bed bed NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 28 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 29 det _ _ 29 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl:unmarked _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 32 chimps chimp NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 mirror mirror NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 36 touch touch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 mark mark NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 on on ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 40 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 41 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Apes | tools | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tool=Patient | | 2 | **know** | present | Apes *not said here* | apes *= ape* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer themselves=Stimulus | | 3 | **fish** | present | a chimp | termites | | a mound with a grass stem | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent termite=Theme out mound=Location | | 4 | **weave** | present | a orangutan | a fresh leafy bed | | | night | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bed=Product | | 5 | **touch** | present | chimps in a mirror | a mark | | | | on apes's own face | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent mark=Experiencer on face=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos,…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/1/) - next →: [The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos,…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/)